According to data from the National Center for Health Statistics, the infant mortality rate in the United States increased by 3% in 2022 compared to 2021. This is the first such increase since 2002. The infant mortality rate measures the number of babies who die before turning one year old for every 1,000 live births. In 2022, there were a total of 20,538 infant deaths, compared to 19,928 in 2021. The New York Times reports that most infants born in 2022 were conceived during the pandemic, when maternal deaths rose by 40%.
This concerning trend requires immediate attention to prevent future increases. It is crucial to thoroughly research and investigate the causes behind the rise in infant deaths. By conducting high-level research and analyzing contributing factors, public health officials and policymakers can work together to implement targeted interventions to reduce future deaths.
Promoting health services for pregnant women is another important strategy. Currently, about three in four expectant mothers receive prenatal care in the first four months of pregnancy with the appropriate number of visits for the infant's gestational age. However, one in four expectant mothers are not receiving adequate early prenatal care. This is problematic because the first trimester is a critical time for expectant mothers to get screened and tested for the overall well-being of their future children. Public health personnel must prioritize education to ensure expectant mothers understand which tests they need early in pregnancy to detect potential complications.
Addressing racial disparities in infant mortality is also crucial. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics shows that Black and Native American mothers are three times more likely to die during and after pregnancy compared to White and Hispanic mothers. Infants of Black and Native American mothers have nearly double the risk of dying compared to infants of White and Hispanic mothers. To address these disparities, government officials should consider investing in community healthcare facilities and potentially expanding Medicaid coverage to ensure all populations have more equitable access to fundamental prenatal and postnatal care.
Furthermore, it is important to examine and treat chronic medical conditions in expectant mothers. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with maternal chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. Strengthening education programs and support for expectant mothers should be a priority, including educating them on healthy lifestyle choices and proper nutrition.