Recent research led by a team at Zhejiang University in China has identified seven genes associated with accelerated brain aging, contributing to what is known as the "brain age gap"—the difference between an individual's chronological age and their biological brain age. Using a deep-learning model named 3D-ViT, the researchers analyzed data from nearly 39,000 participants in the UK Biobank, focusing on MRI scans and genetic information to estimate biological brain age.
The study found that certain brain regions, particularly the lentiform nucleus and the posterior limb of the internal capsule, exhibited signs of faster aging, which correlated with decreased cognitive performance as measured by cognitive tests. This research highlighted 64 genes of interest, with a focus on seven key genes—MAPT, TNFSF12, GZMB, SIRPB1, GNLY, NMB, and C1RL—known for their significant influence on brain aging.
Additionally, the study identified 13 drugs and supplements that may mitigate the effects of these genes on brain aging. These include various medications like dasatinib, diclofenac, and hydrocortisone, as well as supplements such as quercetin and resveratrol. However, the researchers caution that individuals should carefully consider the potential risks associated with using these substances for age-related interventions.
Experts in the field have noted the importance of this research in identifying concrete targets for future clinical trials, while also emphasizing that genetic predispositions can be influenced by lifestyle choices and environmental factors. The study's reliance on data from the UK Biobank raises questions about the generalizability of the findings to broader populations, indicating a need for further research in diverse demographic groups.