A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Exeter and Maastricht University has shed light on factors contributing to early-onset dementia, defined as dementia occurring before the age of 65. Published in JAMA Neurology, the research analyzed data from over 350,000 participants in the UK and identified 15 significant risk factors.
Among these, some are genetic or beyond individual control, such as carrying two copies of the APOE gene, while others are modifiable through lifestyle changes. Key risk factors include social isolation, lower levels of formal education, and lower socioeconomic status, as well as health-related issues like vitamin D deficiency, hearing impairment, and conditions such as diabetes and heart disease.
The study's innovative approach, which focuses on young-onset dementia, has been noted by experts as a meaningful contribution to understanding dementia risk, traditionally centered on older populations. Dr. Kevin Bickart from UCLA emphasized the importance of the research's comprehensive data collection and prospective follow-up.
In light of the findings, experts suggest several lifestyle measures that could potentially lower the risk of early-onset dementia. Dr. Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh from Yale recommends engaging in regular physical exercise, adopting a Mediterranean diet rich in nutrients, and seeking cognitive, mood, and social stimulation. Activities that challenge the mind, such as learning new skills or connecting socially with others, are highlighted as beneficial practices.
While the study identifies various risk factors, it underscores the potential for individuals to take proactive steps to mitigate their risk of developing early-onset dementia through lifestyle adjustments.