Prostate Cancer Cases Rise as Experts Emphasize Earlier Screening
The American Cancer Society estimates that the United States will record approximately 333,830 new prostate cancer cases and 36,320 deaths from the disease in 2026 nationwide. Its Cancer Statistics 2026 report says diagnoses rose by about 3% annually between 2014 and 2022, with the largest increase occurring among advanced-stage cases.
The organization attributes part of the overall rise to increased screening, which identifies cancers that might otherwise remain undetected. However, it also says many screening discussions are occurring too late, particularly for people at elevated risk. During Prostate Cancer Awareness Month in September, the society is encouraging men to discuss personal risk factors and screening options with healthcare professionals.
About one in eight men will receive a prostate cancer diagnosis during his lifetime, according to the society. Most do not die from the disease, and more than 3.5 million men who have been diagnosed are currently alive.
Screening can identify prostate cancer while it remains localized, when patients generally have more treatment options and better outcomes. Options may include active surveillance, surgery, and radiation. Localized prostate cancer has a five-year survival rate of nearly 100%, while earlier treatment may also reduce the need for more aggressive procedures.
Current U.S. guidance emphasizes shared decision-making. The society recommends beginning screening conversations at age 50 for men at average risk who are expected to live at least 10 more years, age 45 for those at high risk, and age 40 for those at very high risk, including men with multiple affected relatives.
The primary screening method is the prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, blood test. Elevated PSA levels do not necessarily indicate cancer; enlarged prostate and inflammation can also increase them. Abnormal results may lead to further PSA testing, a digital rectal examination, MRI imaging, or a biopsy to determine whether cancer is present.