In recent years, there have been conflicting studies and claims regarding the health effects of alcohol consumption. While some studies suggest that moderate drinking can have certain health benefits, such as a lower risk of cancer and heart disease, newer research is challenging these claims.
A recent review published in JAMA analyzed 107 studies from 1980 to 2021 and found that occasional or low-volume drinkers did not have a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to lifetime abstainers. However, the study did find a significantly increased risk of mortality among those who had a few drinks per day or more.
One possible explanation for the link between moderate drinking and lower mortality risk seen in some studies is that light and moderate drinkers tend to engage in healthier behaviors overall. They often have better diets, exercise more frequently, and have better dental hygiene compared to abstainers. However, it is important to note that good health behavior may not be enough to offset the negative impact of moderate drinking.
Another study published in The Lancet in 2018 found that even low-volume drinking can have harmful effects on health, including a significant link to cancer in people over 50. The study also revealed that female drinkers had a higher risk of all-cause mortality than male drinkers, possibly due to factors such as weight and hormone conversion.
While moderate drinking does not seem to raise the risk of death significantly, heavier drinking is considered dangerous. It is important to approach alcohol consumption responsibly and be aware of the potential risks involved.
Overall, the research on alcohol consumption and its health effects is complex and often contradictory. It is clear that alcohol is a major public health challenge and can contribute to a significant number of deaths worldwide. Whether or not to drink alcohol is a personal decision, but it is important to be informed and make choices that prioritize one's health and well-being.