Recent research has found a link between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and subsequent development of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, and celiac disease. A 2018 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) looked at 106,000 people in Sweden diagnosed with stress-related disorders, and found a link between PTSD and subsequent autoimmune diseases. While the study did not establish a causal relationship between stress and autoimmune diseases, it did suggest an association.
The primary stress hormone of the body, cortisol, has influence over the immune system, and can help to balance immune function. However, when stress is severe, the control of cortisol over the immune system can be permanently impaired, leading to increased inflammation. This increase in inflammation can lead to a range of diseases and disorders including autoimmune diseases.
It is likely that the pathway transforming stress into physical ailments includes a combination of oxidative stress and changes in gut microflora. Treating the stress when it shows up may protect or prevent an autoimmune disease from developing. There are many ways to prevent or reduce stress, including relaxation, meditation, and stress management skills.
Further research is needed to better explain the link between stress and autoimmunity issues, but it is clear that stress can have significant effects on our physiology. It is important to recognize that what we consider mental health disorders are physical disorders, and to be aware of the ways to prevent or reduce stress.